[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/stejnosmerne-elektromotory-nejen-v-prumyslu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/stejnosmerne-elektromotory-nejen-v-prumyslu\/","headline":"Stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 elektromotory (nejen) v pr\u016fmyslu","name":"Stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 elektromotory (nejen) v pr\u016fmyslu","description":"Elektromotory jsou jednou z \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho pohonu. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed dan\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed mechanismy do pohybu d\u00edky elektrick\u00e9 energii z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9 ze silov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f magnetick\u00e9ho pole. M\u011bn\u00ed tedy energii elektromagnetickou v mechanickou. Pohony tohoto typu se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z elektrick\u00fdch motor\u016f a m\u011bni\u010d\u016f elektrick\u00e9 energie. D\u00e1le maj\u00ed spojku a p\u0159evodovku. K \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se pak pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my, senzory, regul\u00e1tory a […]","datePublished":"2019-10-06","dateModified":"2023-05-03","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1a78ecc0e437eba31014e33ef1099b06183f235c76cc2a60652b6bba7126ee97?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1a78ecc0e437eba31014e33ef1099b06183f235c76cc2a60652b6bba7126ee97?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mayapur.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a357052_w3129_t1571730314.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a357052_w3129_t1571730314.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/stejnosmerne-elektromotory-nejen-v-prumyslu\/","about":["Elektro"],"wordCount":415,"articleBody":"Elektromotory jsou jednou z \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho pohonu. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed dan\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed mechanismy do pohybu d\u00edky elektrick\u00e9 energii z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9 ze silov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f magnetick\u00e9ho pole. M\u011bn\u00ed tedy energii elektromagnetickou v mechanickou. Pohony tohoto typu se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z elektrick\u00fdch motor\u016f a m\u011bni\u010d\u016f elektrick\u00e9 energie. D\u00e1le maj\u00ed spojku a p\u0159evodovku. K \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se pak pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my, senzory, regul\u00e1tory a p\u0159evodn\u00edky. Konstrukce motor\u016f a jejich statick\u00e9 i dynamick\u00e9 vlastnosti se stanovuj\u00ed dle nap\u00e1jec\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Elektrick\u00e9 motory se rozd\u011bluj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch hledisek, a to nej\u010dast\u011bji pr\u00e1v\u011b podle nap\u00e1jec\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed na stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 a st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9. Ka\u017ed\u00fd takov\u00fd motor je pak ur\u010den pro speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely jim typick\u00e9.   Stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 motory Tyto motory maj\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a vnit\u0159n\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pole. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed obsahuje smy\u010dku, kde prot\u00e9k\u00e1 elektrick\u00fd proud. T\u00edm je indukov\u00e1no magnetick\u00e9 pole souhlasn\u00e9ho sm\u011bru, jako m\u00e1 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pole. Na smy\u010dku p\u016fsob\u00ed moment, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 snahu ji p\u0159eklopit, aby magnetick\u00e1 pole m\u011bla opa\u010dnou orientaci. To toti\u017e sni\u017euje energii cel\u00e9 soustav\u011b. K obracen\u00ed orientace magnetick\u00fdch pol\u00ed do stejn\u00e9ho sm\u011bru slou\u017e\u00ed komut\u00e1tor s uhl\u00edkov\u00fdmi kart\u00e1\u010dky. Magnetick\u00e9 pole se bud\u00ed bu\u010f c\u00edvkou, kter\u00e1 je nap\u00e1jena stejnosm\u011brn\u00fdm proudem z p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho zdroje, nebo c\u00edvkou, kterou prot\u00e9k\u00e1 proud nap\u00e1jec\u00ed motor. Pro vybuzen\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho pole je rovn\u011b\u017e mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt st\u00e1l\u00fd magnet. Buzen\u00ed existuje s\u00e9riov\u00e9, paraleln\u00ed nebo sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9. Na tom z\u00e1vis\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed t\u011bchto motor\u016f s buzen\u00edm nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm na z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei, z\u00e1visl\u00fdm na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdm. V\u00fdhody Mezi v\u00fdhody pat\u0159\u00ed jejich snadn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pouhou zm\u011bnou bud\u00edc\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed a line\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost ot\u00e1\u010dky – bud\u00edc\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed.  Nev\u00fdhody Nev\u00fdhody tvo\u0159\u00ed nutnost \u00fadr\u017eby a odpra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed komut\u00e1torov\u00fdch kart\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, mnohdy velk\u00e9 rozm\u011bry a relativn\u00ed konstruk\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnost. Z\u00e1v\u011brem S p\u0159\u00edchodem elekt\u0159iny a postupn\u00e9 elektrifikace se elektromotory dost\u00e1valy postupn\u011b ke slovu a\u017e do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee v sou\u010dasnosti je lze nal\u00e9zt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ude. Jejich v\u00fdkony jsou rozprost\u0159eny v \u0161irok\u00e9m spektru, a to od zlomk\u016f watt\u016f a\u017e po stovky megawatt\u016f.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.1\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 elektromotory (nejen) v pr\u016fmyslu","item":"https:\/\/www.mayapur.cz\/stejnosmerne-elektromotory-nejen-v-prumyslu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]